Whole body motion¶

This section contains examples showing various possibilities of Whole Body Motion.

Effector control¶

Control NAO’s effectors, separately or simultaneously.

Head¶

almotion_wbEffectorControlHead.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-

"""Example: Whole Body Motion - Head orientation control"""

import qi
import argparse
import sys
import time
import math


def main(session):
    """
    Example of a whole body head orientation control.
    Warning: Needs a PoseInit before executing.
            Whole body balancer must be deactivated at the end of the script.
    This example is only compatible with NAO.
    """
    # Get the services ALMotion & ALRobotPosture.

    motion_service = session.service("ALMotion")
    posture_service = session.service("ALRobotPosture")

    # Wake up robot
    motion_service.wakeUp()

    # Send robot to Stand Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.5)

    effectorName = "Head"

    # Active Head tracking
    isEnabled    = True
    motion_service.wbEnableEffectorControl(effectorName, isEnabled)

    # Example showing how to set orientation target for Head tracking
    # The 3 coordinates are absolute head orientation in NAO_SPACE
    # Rotation in RAD in x, y and z axis

    # X Axis Head Orientation feasible movement = [-20.0, +20.0] degree
    # Y Axis Head Orientation feasible movement = [-75.0, +70.0] degree
    # Z Axis Head Orientation feasible movement = [-30.0, +30.0] degree

    targetCoordinateList = [
    [+20.0,  00.0,  00.0], # target 0
    [-20.0,  00.0,  00.0], # target 1
    [ 00.0, +70.0,  00.0], # target 2
    [ 00.0, +70.0, +30.0], # target 3
    [ 00.0, +70.0, -30.0], # target 4
    [ 00.0, -75.0,  00.0], # target 5
    [ 00.0, -75.0, +30.0], # target 6
    [ 00.0, -75.0, -30.0], # target 7
    [ 00.0,  00.0,  00.0], # target 8
    ]

    # wbSetEffectorControl is a non blocking function
    # time.sleep allow head go to his target
    # The recommended minimum period between two successives set commands is
    # 0.2 s.
    for targetCoordinate in targetCoordinateList:
        targetCoordinate = [target*math.pi/180.0 for target in targetCoordinate]
        motion_service.wbSetEffectorControl(effectorName, targetCoordinate)
        time.sleep(3.0)

    # Deactivate Head tracking
    isEnabled = False
    motion_service.wbEnableEffectorControl(effectorName, isEnabled)

    # Go to rest position
    motion_service.rest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--ip", type=str, default="127.0.0.1",
                        help="Robot IP address. On robot or Local Naoqi: use '127.0.0.1'.")
    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=9559,
                        help="Naoqi port number")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    session = qi.Session()
    try:
        session.connect("tcp://" + args.ip + ":" + str(args.port))
    except RuntimeError:
        print ("Can't connect to Naoqi at ip \"" + args.ip + "\" on port " + str(args.port) +".\n"
               "Please check your script arguments. Run with -h option for help.")
        sys.exit(1)
    main(session)

Arms¶

almotion_wbEffectorControlLArm.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-

"""Example: Whole Body Motion - Left or Right Arm position control"""

import qi
import argparse
import sys
import motion
import time


def main(session, chainName):
    """
    Example of a whole body Left or Right Arm position control
    Warning: Needs a PoseInit before executing
            Whole body balancer must be inactivated at the end of the script
    This example is only compatible with NAO
    """
    # Get the service ALMotion.

    motion_service = session.service("ALMotion")

    # Wake up robot
    motion_service.wakeUp()

    # Send robot to Stand Init
    #postureProxy.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.5)

    frame     = motion.FRAME_ROBOT
    useSensor = False

    effectorInit = motion_service.getPosition(chainName, frame, useSensor)

    # Active LArm tracking
    isEnabled = True
    motion_service.wbEnableEffectorControl(chainName, isEnabled)

    # Example showing how to set position target for LArm
    # The 3 coordinates are absolute LArm position in FRAME_ROBOT
    # Position in meter in x, y and z axis.

    # X Axis LArm Position feasible movement = [ +0.00, +0.12] meter
    # Y Axis LArm Position feasible movement = [ -0.05, +0.10] meter
    # Y Axis RArm Position feasible movement = [ -0.10, +0.05] meter
    # Z Axis LArm Position feasible movement = [ -0.10, +0.10] meter

    coef = 1.0
    if chainName == "LArm":
        coef = +1.0
    elif chainName == "RArm":
        coef = -1.0

    targetCoordinateList = [
    [ +0.12, +0.00*coef, +0.00], # target 0
    [ +0.12, +0.00*coef, -0.10], # target 1
    [ +0.12, +0.05*coef, -0.10], # target 1
    [ +0.12, +0.05*coef, +0.10], # target 2
    [ +0.12, -0.10*coef, +0.10], # target 3
    [ +0.12, -0.10*coef, -0.10], # target 4
    [ +0.12, +0.00*coef, -0.10], # target 5
    [ +0.12, +0.00*coef, +0.00], # target 6
    [ +0.00, +0.00*coef, +0.00], # target 7
    ]


    # wbSetEffectorControl is a non blocking function
    # time.sleep allow head go to his target
    # The recommended minimum period between two successives set commands is
    # 0.2 s.
    for targetCoordinate in targetCoordinateList:
        targetCoordinate = [targetCoordinate[i] + effectorInit[i] for i in range(3)]
        motion_service.wbSetEffectorControl(chainName, targetCoordinate)
        time.sleep(4.0)

    # Deactivate Head tracking
    isEnabled    = False
    motion_service.wbEnableEffectorControl(chainName, isEnabled)

    # Go to rest position
    motion_service.rest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--ip", type=str, default="127.0.0.1",
                        help="Robot IP address. On robot or Local Naoqi: use '127.0.0.1'.")
    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=9559,
                        help="Naoqi port number")
    parser.add_argument("--chain", type=str, default="LArm",
                        choices=["LArm", "RArm"], help="Chain name")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    session = qi.Session()
    try:
        session.connect("tcp://" + args.ip + ":" + str(args.port))
    except RuntimeError:
        print ("Can't connect to Naoqi at ip \"" + args.ip + "\" on port " + str(args.port) +".\n"
               "Please check your script arguments. Run with -h option for help.")
        sys.exit(1)
    main(session, args.chain)

Multiple Effectors¶

Control arms and torso simultaneously.

almotion_wbMultipleEffectors.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-

"""Example: Whole Body Motion - Multiple Effectors control """

import qi
import argparse
import sys
import almath
import motion


def main(session):
    """
        Example of a whole body multiple effectors control "LArm", "RArm" and "Torso"
        Warning: Needs a PoseInit before executing
                 Whole body balancer must be inactivated at the end of the script.
    """
    # Get the services ALMotion & ALRobotPosture.

    motion_service = session.service("ALMotion")
    posture_service = session.service("ALRobotPosture")

    # Wake up robot
    motion_service.wakeUp()

    # Send robot to Stand Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.5)

    # end go to Stand Init, begin initialize whole body

    # Enable Whole Body Balancer
    isEnabled  = True
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Legs are constrained fixed
    stateName  = "Fixed"
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbFootState(stateName, supportLeg)

    # Constraint Balance Motion
    isEnable   = True
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbEnableBalanceConstraint(isEnable, supportLeg)

    # end initialize whole body, define arms motions

    useSensorValues = False

    # Arms motion
    effectorList = ["LArm", "RArm"]

    frame        = motion.FRAME_ROBOT

    # pathLArm
    pathLArm = []
    currentTf = motion_service.getTransform("LArm", frame, useSensorValues)
    # 1
    target1Tf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    target1Tf.r2_c4 += 0.08 # y
    target1Tf.r3_c4 += 0.14 # z

    # 2
    target2Tf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    target2Tf.r2_c4 -= 0.05 # y
    target2Tf.r3_c4 -= 0.07 # z

    pathLArm.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))
    pathLArm.append(list(target2Tf.toVector()))
    pathLArm.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))
    pathLArm.append(list(target2Tf.toVector()))
    pathLArm.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))

    # pathRArm
    pathRArm = []
    currentTf = motion_service.getTransform("RArm", frame, useSensorValues)
    # 1
    target1Tf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    target1Tf.r2_c4 += 0.05 # y
    target1Tf.r3_c4 -= 0.07 # z

    # 2
    target2Tf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    target2Tf.r2_c4 -= 0.08 # y
    target2Tf.r3_c4 += 0.14 # z

    pathRArm.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))
    pathRArm.append(list(target2Tf.toVector()))
    pathRArm.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))
    pathRArm.append(list(target2Tf.toVector()))
    pathRArm.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))
    pathRArm.append(list(target2Tf.toVector()))

    pathList = [pathLArm, pathRArm]

    axisMaskList = [almath.AXIS_MASK_VEL, # for "LArm"
                    almath.AXIS_MASK_VEL] # for "RArm"

    coef       = 1.5
    timesList  = [ [coef*(i+1) for i in range(5)],  # for "LArm" in seconds
                   [coef*(i+1) for i in range(6)] ] # for "RArm" in seconds

    # called cartesian interpolation
    motion_service.transformInterpolations(effectorList, frame, pathList, axisMaskList, timesList)

    # end define arms motions, define torso motion

    # Torso Motion
    effectorList = ["Torso", "LArm", "RArm"]

    dy = 0.06
    dz = 0.06

    # pathTorso
    currentTf = motion_service.getTransform("Torso", frame, useSensorValues)
    # 1
    target1Tf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    target1Tf.r2_c4 += dy
    target1Tf.r3_c4 -= dz

    # 2
    target2Tf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    target2Tf.r2_c4 -= dy
    target2Tf.r3_c4 -= dz

    pathTorso = []
    for i in range(3):
        pathTorso.append(list(target1Tf.toVector()))
        pathTorso.append(currentTf)
        pathTorso.append(list(target2Tf.toVector()))
        pathTorso.append(currentTf)

    pathLArm = [motion_service.getTransform("LArm", frame, useSensorValues)]
    pathRArm = [motion_service.getTransform("RArm", frame, useSensorValues)]

    pathList = [pathTorso, pathLArm, pathRArm]

    axisMaskList = [almath.AXIS_MASK_ALL, # for "Torso"
                    almath.AXIS_MASK_VEL, # for "LArm"
                    almath.AXIS_MASK_VEL] # for "RArm"

    coef       = 0.5
    timesList  = [
                  [coef*(i+1) for i in range(12)], # for "Torso" in seconds
                  [coef*12],                       # for "LArm" in seconds
                  [coef*12]                        # for "RArm" in seconds
                 ]

    motion_service.transformInterpolations(
        effectorList, frame, pathList, axisMaskList, timesList)

    # end define torso motion, disable whole body

    # Deactivate whole body
    isEnabled    = False
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Send robot to Pose Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.3)

    # Go to rest position
    motion_service.rest()

    # end script


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--ip", type=str, default="127.0.0.1",
                        help="Robot IP address. On robot or Local Naoqi: use '127.0.0.1'.")
    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=9559,
                        help="Naoqi port number")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    session = qi.Session()
    try:
        session.connect("tcp://" + args.ip + ":" + str(args.port))
    except RuntimeError:
        print ("Can't connect to Naoqi at ip \"" + args.ip + "\" on port " + str(args.port) +".\n"
               "Please check your script arguments. Run with -h option for help.")
        sys.exit(1)
    main(session)

Balance¶

Balance constraints in whole body motion.

Balance constraint¶

Enable a balance constraint.

almotion_wbEnableBalanceConstraint.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-

"""Example: Whole Body Motion - Enable Balance Constraint"""

import qi
import argparse
import sys
import math


def main(session):
    """
    Example of a whole body Enable Balance Constraint.
    Warning: Needs a PoseInit before executing.
        Whole body balancer must be deactivated at the end of the script.
    This example is only compatible with NAO.
    """
    # Get the services ALMotion & ALRobotPosture.

    motion_service = session.service("ALMotion")
    posture_service = session.service("ALRobotPosture")

    # Wake up robot
    motion_service.wakeUp()

    # Send robot to Stand Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.5)

    # Activate Whole Body Balancer
    isEnabled  = True
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Legs are constrained in a plane
    stateName  = "Fixed"
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbFootState(stateName, supportLeg)

    # Constraint Balance Motion
    isEnable   = True
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbEnableBalanceConstraint(isEnable, supportLeg)

    # KneePitch angleInterpolation
    # Without Whole Body balancer, foot will fall down
    names      = ["LKneePitch", "RKneePitch"]
    angleLists = [ [0.0, 40.0*math.pi/180.0], [0.0, 40.0*math.pi/180.0]]
    timeLists  = [ [5.0, 10.0], [5.0, 10.0]]
    isAbsolute = True
    try:
        motion_service.angleInterpolation(names, angleLists, timeLists, isAbsolute)
    except Exception, errorMsg:
        print str(errorMsg)
        print "This example is not allowed on this robot."
        exit()

    # Deactivate Whole Body Balancer
    isEnabled  = False
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Go to rest position
    motion_service.rest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--ip", type=str, default="127.0.0.1",
                        help="Robot IP address. On robot or Local Naoqi: use '127.0.0.1'.")
    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=9559,
                        help="Naoqi port number")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    session = qi.Session()
    try:
        session.connect("tcp://" + args.ip + ":" + str(args.port))
    except RuntimeError:
        print ("Can't connect to Naoqi at ip \"" + args.ip + "\" on port " + str(args.port) +".\n"
               "Please check your script arguments. Run with -h option for help.")
        sys.exit(1)
    main(session)

Kick¶

Make NAO kick the air with its foot.

almotion_wbKick.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-

"""Example: Whole Body Motion - kick"""

import qi
import argparse
import sys
import motion
import time
import almath


def computePath(motion_service, effector, frame):
    dx      = 0.05                 # translation axis X (meters)
    dz      = 0.05                 # translation axis Z (meters)
    dwy     = 5.0*almath.TO_RAD    # rotation axis Y (radian)

    useSensorValues = False

    path = []
    currentTf = []
    try:
        currentTf = motion_service.getTransform(effector, frame, useSensorValues)
    except Exception, errorMsg:
        print str(errorMsg)
        print "This example is not allowed on this robot."
        exit()

    # 1
    targetTf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    targetTf *= almath.Transform(-dx, 0.0, dz)
    targetTf *= almath.Transform().fromRotY(dwy)
    path.append(list(targetTf.toVector()))

    # 2
    targetTf  = almath.Transform(currentTf)
    targetTf *= almath.Transform(dx, 0.0, dz)
    path.append(list(targetTf.toVector()))

    # 3
    path.append(currentTf)

    return path


def main(session):
    """
    Example of a whole body kick.
    Warning: Needs a PoseInit before executing
             Whole body balancer must be inactivated at the end of the script.
    This example is only compatible with NAO.
    """
    # Get the services ALMotion & ALRobotPosture.

    motion_service = session.service("ALMotion")
    posture_service = session.service("ALRobotPosture")

    # Wake up robot
    motion_service.wakeUp()

    # Send robot to Stand Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.5)

    # Activate Whole Body Balancer
    isEnabled  = True
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Legs are constrained fixed
    stateName  = "Fixed"
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbFootState(stateName, supportLeg)

    # Constraint Balance Motion
    isEnable   = True
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbEnableBalanceConstraint(isEnable, supportLeg)

    # Com go to LLeg
    supportLeg = "LLeg"
    duration   = 2.0
    motion_service.wbGoToBalance(supportLeg, duration)

    # RLeg is free
    stateName  = "Free"
    supportLeg = "RLeg"
    motion_service.wbFootState(stateName, supportLeg)

    # RLeg is optimized
    effector = "RLeg"
    axisMask = 63
    frame    = motion.FRAME_WORLD

    # Motion of the RLeg
    times   = [2.0, 2.7, 4.5]

    path = computePath(motion_service, effector, frame)

    motion_service.transformInterpolations(effector, frame, path, axisMask, times)

    # Example showing how to Enable Effector Control as an Optimization
    isActive     = False
    motion_service.wbEnableEffectorOptimization(effector, isActive)

    # Com go to LLeg
    supportLeg = "RLeg"
    duration   = 2.0
    motion_service.wbGoToBalance(supportLeg, duration)

    # RLeg is free
    stateName  = "Free"
    supportLeg = "LLeg"
    motion_service.wbFootState(stateName, supportLeg)

    effector = "LLeg"
    path = computePath(motion_service, effector, frame)
    motion_service.transformInterpolations(effector, frame, path, axisMask, times)

    time.sleep(1.0)

    # Deactivate Head tracking
    isEnabled = False
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # send robot to Pose Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.3)

    # Go to rest position
    motion_service.rest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--ip", type=str, default="127.0.0.1",
                        help="Robot IP address. On robot or Local Naoqi: use '127.0.0.1'.")
    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=9559,
                        help="Naoqi port number")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    session = qi.Session()
    try:
        session.connect("tcp://" + args.ip + ":" + str(args.port))
    except RuntimeError:
        print ("Can't connect to Naoqi at ip \"" + args.ip + "\" on port " + str(args.port) +".\n"
               "Please check your script arguments. Run with -h option for help.")
        sys.exit(1)
    main(session)

Foot state¶

Constrain whole body balancer with foot state.

almotion_wbFootState.py

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-

"""Example: Whole Body Motion - Foot State"""

import qi
import argparse
import sys
import math


def main(session):
    """
    Example of a whole body FootState.
    Warning: Needs a PoseInit before executing.
        Whole body balancer must be inactivated at the end of the script.
    This example is only compatible with NAO.
    """
    # Get the services ALMotion & ALRobotPosture.

    motion_service = session.service("ALMotion")
    posture_service = session.service("ALRobotPosture")

    # Wake up robot
    motion_service.wakeUp()

    # Send robot to Stand Init
    posture_service.goToPosture("StandInit", 0.5)

    # Activate Whole Body Balancer.
    isEnabled  = True
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Legs are constrained in a plane
    stateName  = "Plane"
    supportLeg = "Legs"
    motion_service.wbFootState(stateName, supportLeg)

    # HipYawPitch angleInterpolation
    # Without Whole Body balancer, foot will not be keeped plane.
    names      = "LHipYawPitch"
    angleLists = [-45.0, 10.0, 0.0]
    timeLists  = [3.0, 6.0, 9.0]
    isAbsolute = True
    angleLists = [angle*math.pi/180.0 for angle in angleLists]
    try:
        motion_service.angleInterpolation(names, angleLists, timeLists, isAbsolute)
    except Exception, errorMsg:
        print str(errorMsg)
        print "This example is not allowed on this robot."
        exit()

    # Deactivate Whole Body Balancer.
    isEnabled  = False
    motion_service.wbEnable(isEnabled)

    # Go to rest position
    motion_service.rest()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument("--ip", type=str, default="127.0.0.1",
                        help="Robot IP address. On robot or Local Naoqi: use '127.0.0.1'.")
    parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=9559,
                        help="Naoqi port number")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    session = qi.Session()
    try:
        session.connect("tcp://" + args.ip + ":" + str(args.port))
    except RuntimeError:
        print ("Can't connect to Naoqi at ip \"" + args.ip + "\" on port " + str(args.port) +".\n"
               "Please check your script arguments. Run with -h option for help.")
        sys.exit(1)
    main(session)

SoftBank Robotics documentation What's new in NAOqi 2.8?

Whole body motion¶

Effector control¶

Head¶

Arms¶

Multiple Effectors¶

Balance¶

Balance constraint¶

Kick¶

Foot state¶

On this page

SoftBank Robotics documentation What's new in NAOqi 2.8?

Quick search

Whole body motion¶

Effector control¶

Head¶

Arms¶

Multiple Effectors¶

Balance¶

Balance constraint¶

Kick¶

Foot state¶